Soil blocking for your Spring Seed Starting

Soil blocking presents several advantages for home gardeners, making it an attractive option for those seeking efficient, sustainable, and rewarding gardening practices.

Space Optimization: For home gardeners with limited space, seed blocking offers a compact and efficient way to start seeds indoors. By using soil blocks rather than traditional pots or trays, gardeners can maximize their growing area and cultivate a greater variety of plants in a smaller space.

Cost-Effectiveness: While initial investment in seed-blocking equipment may be required, the long-term savings are significant. Soil blocks can be made using simple tools or purchased commercially, eliminating the need for disposable seed trays and pots. Moreover, seed blocking reduces seed waste by ensuring each seed is planted with precision, saving money on seed purchases in the long run.

Improved Seedling Health: Seedlings grown in soil blocks tend to experience less transplant
shock compared to those grown in traditional seed trays. The intact soil blocks protect delicate roots during transplanting, resulting in healthier, more resilient seedlings with higher survival rates.

Water Efficiency: Soil blocks retain moisture more effectively than traditional planting mediums, reducing the frequency of watering needed for seedlings. This is especially beneficial for home gardeners who may have limited time for watering or live in regions with water restrictions.

Ease of Transplanting: Transplanting seedlings from soil blocks is straightforward and minimizes root disturbance. Gardeners can simply place the soil block directly into the planting hole, eliminating the need to handle delicate seedlings or disturb their roots. This reduces transplant shock and ensures a smoother transition to the garden bed or container.

Reduced Disease Spread: Traditional seed trays and pots can harbor pathogens and promote the spread of soil-borne diseases. In contrast, soil blocks are less likely to harbor harmful microbes, reducing the risk of disease transmission among seedlings. 

Environmental Sustainability: By reducing the use of plastic pots and trays, as well as minimizing seed and water waste, seed blocking aligns with environmentally friendly gardening practices. Home gardeners can feel good about minimizing their ecological footprint while enjoying the benefits of healthier plants and bountiful harvests.  

Summary: Soil blocking offers home gardeners an array of benefits. With its simplicity and effectiveness, seed blocking is an excellent choice for gardeners looking to maximize their gardening success while minimizing their impact on the environment.    

                SOIL BLOCK RECIPE   

False Spring? How do you know...?

Let Soil Temperature Be Your Guide in Southwest Idaho

This unusually warm winter across southwest Idaho has many gardeners eager to head outside and start cleaning up. Mild afternoons can make it feel like spring has arrived.

But air temperature does not tell the whole story.

In our region (USDA Zones 6b–7a), average last frost typically falls between late April and early May. Even in a warm winter, frost risk remains. More importantly, soil temperature — not the calendar or a few warm days — determines when plants, roots, and pollinators are truly active.

Why Soil Temperature Matters

Soil warms more slowly than air, especially in heavier clay soils common throughout the Treasure Valley. While afternoon air temperatures may reach the 50s or 60s, soil a few inches below the surface may still be in the low 40s.

Those underground temperatures guide biological activity:

• Root growth begins around 40°F.

• Active plant growth increases closer to 50°F.

• Many overwintering pollinators emerge when soil temperatures approach 50°F.

• Crabgrass germinates when soil reaches about 55°F for several consecutive days.

These thresholds help gardeners understand what is happening beneath the surface.

You may notice dandelions blooming early in spring. Dandelion bloom typically corresponds with soil temperatures in the 40s. That signals early-season activity has begun, but it does not mean warm-season conditions have arrived.

When crabgrass begins to sprout, soil has warmed to about 55°F — a clear seasonal shift underground.

Timing Garden Cleanup

Because many beneficial insects overwinter in leaf litter and hollow stems, early cleanup can

remove habitat before insects have emerged. Waiting until soil temperatures are consistently near 50°F supports pollinators and allows the garden ecosystem to transition naturally.

Instead of focusing on air temperature alone, watch for:

• Daytime temperatures consistently above 50°F

• Overnight lows mostly above freezing

• Soil temperatures at 2–4 inches approaching 50°F

A simple soil thermometer provides more reliable guidance than guessing based on warm afternoons.

What You Can Do Now

Late winter is still a good time to:

• Remove diseased or pest-infested plant material

• Clear heavy branches or debris

• Prune dormant trees and shrubs

More extensive cleanup — cutting back perennials, raking beds, refreshing mulch — can wait until soil temperatures rise and conditions stabilize.

When preparing planting beds, also test soil moisture. If a squeezed handful forms a tight ball, it is too wet to work. Working wet soil can cause compaction that affects root growth all season.

Let the Soil Lead

The early warmth is welcome, but soil temperature provides a clearer signal of seasonal change. By watching what is happening underground, gardeners can protect pollinators, avoid soil damage, and time planting more effectively.

In southwest Idaho, patience in early spring often results in stronger plants and a healthier garden ecosystem.

Let the soil lead — it knows when spring truly begins.

Three Tough Beauties for Your Yard

Choosing the right tree in the Treasure Valley is about more than looks. Our landscapes demand plants that can handle real conditions due to their tolerance for drought, salt, and poor soils, while still providing shade, habitat, and long-term beauty. A great example is the honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis ‘Shademaster’), a thornless tree that balances function and form with ease, with golden color in the fall. Its fine-textured leaves create light, filtered shade that supports lawns and garden beds beneath it, making it an excellent choice for yards where multiple layers of plants need to coexist. It is also relatively low-mess compared to many shade trees, and its dappled canopy helps reduce water stress on turf and understory plantings during peak summer heat. It’s a quiet workhorse that brings both comfort and resilience to the landscape and the edible pulp in its seed pods, which are a food source for wildlife. 

The Treasure Valley climate brings hot, dry summers, cold winters, and alkaline soils that can stress less-adapted species. One way to build resilience into your landscape is to incorporate native trees that are already attuned to our region. Black or Douglas hawthorn (Crataegus douglasii) is a native gem that brings both beauty and backbone to a yard. This small, multi-stemmed tree thrives in irrigated areas or low spots that hold a bit of moisture, making it a great choice for swales, borders, or naturalized edges. 

In spring, it lights up with clusters of showy white blossoms that draw in pollinators, followed by dark berries 
that feed birds and wildlife. Its dense, thorny branches create excellent nesting habitat and can double as a living screen or informal hedge. While it won’t cast deep shade, black hawthorn adds structure, seasonal interest, and ecological value as part of a layered, living landscape. There is a a hawthorn called 'Paul's Scarlet' with striking pink blooms too!

For those with large areas, selecting species that are well-adapted to local conditions means less water, less maintenance, and greater long-term success. The bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) embodies this principle with its deep roots, drought tolerance, and remarkable longevity. It not only withstands Treasure Valley conditions, but also supports wildlife and adds lasting structure to a landscape. Over time, it can become a true anchor tree, offering shade, habitat, and a sense of permanence that grows with the landscape itself. This is a tree that rewards patience and strengthens the resilience of your yard for decades to come.

When you match the right tree to the right place, you’re not just planting shade, you’re building a resilient Treasure Valley ecosystem from the ground up.

More information is available here:

https://www.blm.gov/sites/default/files/documents/files/NativePlantLandscaping.pdf

Front Range Tree Recommended List

International Society of Arboriculture  

10 Seed Catalogs Every Gardener will want to check out!

Growing flowers and vegetables from seed gives you more choices and saves money. Here are 10 great seed catalogs to check out. Jill Staake writes for and did all the work for us. The green links are live - just click & go. While the winter wind blows, gardeners everywhere turn to seed catalogs as they dream of the spring and summer ahead. The catalogs pile up, dog-eared and tattered, as growers plan for the future. Seed catalogs offer more choices than even the largest garden centers, and growing plants from seed is a great way to save money. We’ve rounded up 10 of our favorite seed catalogs you’ll want to have on hand as you prepare for the growing season. Tip: Want to save paper? All of these companies have websites, and many of them have digital versions of their catalogs.

Prairie Moon Nursery

If you’re dedicated to planting natives in your garden, Prairie Moon should be your go-to resource. They offer an incredibly wide range of wildflowers and grasses, with information about native ranges and growing tips. They sell most seeds by packet or in bulk for larger plantings, as well as bare-root and potted plants for some species. Seeds to Try: Milkweed, multiple varieties. Monarch butterflies need native milkweed throughout their range. Prairie Moon offers a dozen different species of milkweed seeds, covering much of the country.

Request a Catalog 

Select Seeds 

Flower lovers will revel in Select Seeds’ offerings. They specialize in fragrant, old-fashioned blossoms like those that filled your grandmother’s garden. Select Seeds also has rare finds and rediscovered antique heirlooms, like Job’s Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), one of the oldest grasses in cultivation.

Request a Catalog 

Territorial Seed Company

Veggie lovers, rejoice! Territorial Seed’s catalog has more than 100 pages of vegetable and herb seeds and plants to choose from. Some of their offerings are truly unique, like oak trees inoculated with Bianchetto truffles so you can grow your own fungi delicacies. They also offer flowers and fruits. Seeds to Try: Goldilocks Squash, BuffaloSun Tomato 

Request a Catalog 

Burpee 

Flower and vegetable gardeners will all find something to love in Burpee catalogs. Burpee offers a bit of everything, along with a variety of gardening accessories. Seeds to Try: Royal Purple Radish, Fourth of July Tomato

Request a Catalog 

Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds 

Heirloom seeds provide a direct connection to days past. Baker Creek sells over 1800 varieties of seed, specializing in types from the 19th century and earlier. A look through their catalog feels personal, as many photos include their family or employees showing off their offerings. Seeds to Try: Black Nebula Carrot

Request a Catalog

Johnny’s Selected Seeds 

Johnny’s is an employee-owned company that takes special care to ensure all their seeds meet the Safe Seed Pledge. Their breeders use traditional methods to crossbreed new varieties, so if you’re concerned about GMO, you can trust Johnny’s. They offer a large selection of vegetables and flowers. Seeds to Try: Sun-Fill Purple Sunflower, Goldie Husk Cherry 

Request a Catalog

 

R. H. Shumway’s 

Take a trip down memory lane with R. H. Shumway’s print catalog. Charming black and white drawings illustrate the vegetable offerings, while the flower pages have color illustrations. You can visit their website to see photographs of most varieties before ordering, if you like. Seeds to Try: Pride of Wisconsin Melon 

Request a Catalog

Harris Seeds

Based in Rochester, New York, Harris Seeds has been a resource for gardeners since it was founded in 1879. They now offer a large selection of vegetable and flower seeds, as well as live plants, bulbs, and gardening supplies. Request a Catalog

Park Seed 

Park Seed is one of the biggest names in the business, and they’ve been in business since 1868. They carry an array of flowers, vegetables, plants, and gardening accessories. If you’re new to seed-starting, check out their Bio Dome System, which makes it easy to grow strong healthy plant from seed. Seeds to Try:  Green Twister Coneflower, Honeybaby Butternut Squash Hybrid Request a Catalog

Annie’s Heirloom Seed 

The founder of Annie’s began the company when she realized just how much better heirloom vegetables tasted than commercially grown varieties. She had difficulty finding quality heirloom seeds, so she eventually decided to start her own company. Their carefully sourced seeds come from around the world, with new types added all the time. Request a Catalog

 Sit Back and Dream...

Seed Starting Mix: What It Is and Why It Matters

Seed starting mix plays a quiet but important role in successful gardening. While it may look similar to potting soil, it is formulated specifically to support seeds during germination and early seedling growth—when plants are at their most delicate stage.

Seed starting mix is typically a lightweight, soilless blend made from materials such as peat moss or coconut coir, combined with perlite or vermiculite. These components are chosen to create a balance between moisture retention and air space. Seeds need consistent moisture to germinate, but they also require oxygen around their developing roots. A well-made seed starting mix provides both.

One of the most important features of seed starting mix is what it does not contain. Unlike garden soil or many potting mixes, it has a very fine, uniform texture with no bark, compost chunks, or heavy materials that could interfere with tiny roots. Most mixes also contain little to no added fertilizer. At the germination stage, seeds rely on the nutrients stored within the seed itself. Introducing fertilizer too early can lead to weak, stretched growth or damage sensitive roots.

Using a seed starting mix also helps improve consistency. Because the texture is uniform, seeds make even contact with moisture, which supports more reliable and even germination. This is especially helpful for small seeds that need shallow planting and steady moisture to sprout successfully.

Another advantage is disease prevention. Seed starting mixes are sterile or nearly sterile, which reduces the risk of soil-borne diseases such as damping-off—a common issue where seedlings collapse at the soil line. While good sanitation, airflow, and careful watering are still essential, starting with a clean growing medium gives seedlings a healthier environment.

Seed starting mix is not intended to be a long-term growing medium. Once seedlings develop their first set of true leaves, they will need additional nutrients. At that point, gardeners can begin using a diluted fertilizer or transplant seedlings into a potting mix designed for longer-term growth.

For gardeners interested in a do-it-yourself option, University of Georgia Extension Fulton County provides guidance on making an effective, cost-conscious seed starting mix at home and explains when a homemade blend may be a good choice.

By using the right growing medium at the right time, gardeners can give seeds a strong, healthy start—setting the stage for sturdy transplants and productive plants later in the season.

5 Expert Tips for African Violets

African violets care guide – 5 expert tips to keep this vibrant houseplant blooming  BY TENIELLE JORDISON 

An easy way to brighten your home is by growing indoor plants that flower all year round, and among the best indoor flowering plants are African violets. Their compact, prolific foliage and rosettes of vibrant flowers are a popular choice for houseplant lovers wanting lasting indoor blooms.

African violets stay quite small, growing up to six inches tall. They have a slow growth rate but will reward you with blooms that last weeks at a time throughout the year, provided they have optimal conditions and care.

These are easy indoor plants to care for and will catch the attention of any visitors you have. We have gathered expert tips to help you care for your African violets and keep them blooming. The cluster blooms of African violets can add a pop of color to your houseplant collection. They are low-maintenance indoor plants, but experts have told us a few things you can do to keep them blooming for longer. 

1. Get The Lighting Right (Image credit: Getty Images/Mint Images/Helen Norman) Generally speaking, African violets will be quite happy wherever they are placed but opting for a spot with lots of natural light will be beneficial for promoting brighter blooms.

'They prefer bright indirect light so they should be placed within one foot of southeast or west-facing windows. Direct sunlight can damage the foliage, whereas the lack of light can hinder flowering and growth,' says Vladan Nikolic, houseplant expert from Mr. Houseplant.  In their natural habitat, African violets are found thriving in partial shade, low to the ground among other vegetation. You can also grow them in your yard as outdoor container plants in the shade. 

2. Avoid Watering Foliage

(Image credit: Getty Images/Liudmila Chernetska)

When it comes to how to water houseplants, a common mistake is not keeping a plant at the right moisture level. African violets like to have a consistent level of moisture without being over-watered, as this could cause discoloration and root rot.

'You want to avoid splashing water onto the leaves as African violets are susceptible to leaf scarring and diseases. Most plant parents bottom water these plants or use a narrow-spouted watering can to water around the foliage so it doesn’t splash onto the leaves,' says Paris Lalicata, head of plant education and community at The Sill. It's a good idea to let the soil dry by around 50% before watering again. Just use your finger to feel if the top inch of soil is dry as an indicator.

3. Keep Humidity High   (Image credit: Getty images/Valeriy_G)                                                                          

As indicated by its name, African violets are native to the warm climates of eastern African countries, including Tanzania. As a houseplant, they will enjoy higher humidity levels. 'African violets thrive in higher humidity, ideally between 60 and 80%. However, they will do well even in lower humidity' says Vladan. You can increase the humidity for your plants by using a pebble tray, or regularly misting them as shown. Be careful not to mist the leaves and petals of these compact plants too closely because it could cause permanent spotting. 

African violets grow best in temperatures ranging from 65°F to 80°F' says Vladan.

4. Deadhead After Flowering(Image credit: Getty Images/ChamilleWhite)

Like other flowering plants, African violets will bloom and flourish from deadheading. 'Deadheading is a process to prune off flowers as they become spent to prolong the blooming cycle or to help initiate a second flush of flowers. It basically prevents plants from going into seed if they were pollinated so the plant can continue to put out blooms during that cycle,' says Paris.

Using pruners, you can pinch off the buds of African violets once they have finished flowering and start to wilt and fade. It can help promote more growth and reward you with another round of beautiful blooms.

5. Repot If Necessary(Image credit: Getty Images/Ludmila Kapustkina)

Although African violets will stay quite small and compact, it's important to repot them if they grow too big for their current container.

Indoor plant expert Lisa Eldred Steinkopf from the Houseplant Guru says to look out for your African Violet developing a long central stem. 'Your plant is telling you it's time to repot your violet, and this should happen yearly for best growth,' says Lisa.

Not repotting your plant could risk it becoming pot-bound, restricting growth and blooms. You can easily repot an African violet by simply moving it into a larger container, taking care to remove any dead foliage and roots and topping the new pot up with fresh African violet potting medium. African violets thrive in slightly acidic soil (pH 6.0 to 6.5), so you can first check the soil pH and if needed add dolomite lime to acidify the soil. You can also find a ready-to-go potting mix specifically designed for African violets,' says Vladan. 

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Are Your Deicers Friendly to Plants, Animals, and the Earth?

While applying products to keep our walkways clear of snow and ice,

it’s important to remember the nearby plant life.  Deicing products, primarily composed of salt, can injure plant material, but is there a safer product to use around desirable vegetation? What about around pets? What about the run-off in our rivers and watershed?

• Salts can cause injury to trees, lawns, and shrubs
• Salt run-off can harm our groundwater
• Salts can corrode concrete
• Salts can do bodily harm to humans if handled improperly
• Salts are hard on the little paws of your four-legged friends

So you may be thinking salt is salt, right? No, not all salt is the same. Think table salts (Sodium chloride) and Epsom Salt (magnesium sulfate). If you remember your days in chemistry, salts are combinations of negatively charged anions and positively charged cations. Examples are sodium chloride (table salt), potassium chloride (used as a fertilizer), and magnesium chloride (the one you see trucks spraying on our roads). The most problematic element in these salts is chloride, a corrosive ion that damages metal and concrete. Chloride is also toxic to plants.

Salt damages plants by dehydrating plant tissues, causing burns, or being toxic at high levels. While most plants have some tolerance to salt injury, repeated applications of deicing products during the winter can result in dieback or even death the following spring. Misapplications of deicers (i.e. dumping piles or using too much) can leach through the ground and into the water table or wash into the storm sewers, causing pollution. Before buying or using any product, read the label carefully and use only as directed. Here's a great publication on plant tolerance to salts. 

Here are a few of the salt products you might run into while shopping:

Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)
It has low corrosion potential, so it’s less damaging to cars, metals, sidewalks, and plants. Notice it’s not a chloride product, the “salt” comes from the calcium-magnesium mix and the acetate replaces the chloride. Plus, it’s biodegradable! Its ice-melting properties are equivalent to traditional deicers, but the cost may be 20-30 times as expensive as sodium chloride products. These are often touted as “pet friendly”. 

Magnesium chloride
Commonly referred to as “mag chloride”. Applied as a brine, it’s the most common product used on our roadways before storms because it lowers the freezing point of soon-to-arrive precipitation. It can melt ice down to -15° F, which is a nice benefit. If applied in moderate amounts, it’s relatively safe for plants and pets. Its corrosion potential is low, as is its pollutant possibilities.

Potassium chloride
It’s expensive and not as widely used as a deicer because of the rising costs of fertilizer. This works best when temperatures are above 15° F. Because it’s most commonly used as a fertilizer, it’s relatively safe to apply near plants.

Sodium chloride
It’s the most widely available and the cheapest. It doesn’t cause corrosion to concrete and melts ice best when temperatures are in the 20s. It is the most damaging to plant material. If you use this product, use it sparingly and in small amounts!

Before using any de-icing product, clear away as much snow and ice with a shovel as possible. If heavy snow is predicted, then try to shovel more frequently. Remember, deicing products are not meant to melt all snow and ice, but rather aid you in your removal efforts. If you want to avoid adding chemicals to your landscape, then consider using sand or kitty litter. While they don’t melt snow, they can provide traction in slippery spots. Sand and kitty litter are also safe for pets and plants and can be swept up when the snow melts.

If you use deicing products near vegetative areas, then use caution with potential salt build-up and consider a soil test in the spring.  If it’s an especially snowy year, you may consider rinsing the areas next spring with clean water. Try not to scoop snow laced with deicing products directly on top of plants, especially if they are sensitive. If you have the opportunity, consider planting more salt-tolerant plants near walkways and driveways.

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